Dark Matters - Enlightened

Man has been devising numerous techniques to solve one of the most critically unanswered question of its past era of existence.The thing which makes this question, a bit more intersting and exciting is...it deals with spatial body's physical phenomena, without being concretely sure about its physical existence.

Since 1936, Fritz Zwicky, a swiss cosmolologist started an operation to find the logic behind irrationalities shown by the objects in space.Since then, man has been researching day in, and day out to dig out reasons good enough to satisfy the thirst.

It has been acknowledged that, there is an existence of huge scale of matter scattered around the galaxies, which cannot be seen, but felt, with reasons strong enough to support.

tecnically, its found that, the stars, planets, galaxies are rotating at a speed which is very very large and this speed seems to be illogical with the speed which can be attained by the calculations done or meant on the effects of visible weight of these bodies.
Most of a galaxy cluster’s normal mass is in its diffuse hot gas – 10 times more ordinary mass in gas than in stars – so when galaxies merge, a drag force is created on each other, slowing the gas down.

But when the galaxies themselves continued speeding through space, they left the gas behind.

Observations made with NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory showed the bulk of ordinary matter is in the hot gas clouds left in the wake of the galaxies

When the astronomers mapped the region of the sky around the galaxies in optical light, they discovered far more mass near the galaxies, ahead of the gas cloud.

They analysed ‘gravitational lensing’ of distant galaxies in images taken with NASA's Hubble space Telescope, the European Southern Observatory's 2-meter Wide-Field Imager and one of the twin 6.5-meter Magellan telescopes in Chile.

Dark matter makes up about 23% of the mass of the universe and the remainder is dark energy, another mysterious substance that pushes matter apart.

To explain the observations by revising the theory of gravity, astronomers would have to identify a few different effects, each of which would operate at a different distance scale.

And even though astronomers cant see dark matter directly, they can observe its effects by looking at clusters of galaxies that act as gravitational lenses. The gravity of these clusters bends the light from more distant galaxies, just as an optical lens would. By analyzing these effects using computer models, astronomers have determined the mass of these clusters and found that once again, dark matter must be abundant.

Experiments are attempting to measure the presence of dark matter using huge, one-tonne crystals kept at low temperatures. The passage of a dark matter particle through the crystal will, very occasionally, lead to a gravitational drag in some of the particles in the crystal. Aside from these indirect measurements on Earth, there is no way of observing the particles yet.

Different regions of space have different amounts of dark matter. The concentrations can be measured in terms of the equivalent weight of hydrogen, the lightest atom in the universe, per cubic centimetre. Around the Sun the concentration of dark matter is equivalent in weight to a third of an atom of hydrogen per cubic centimetre.

According to the new results, the maximum density that dark matter can be packed into is much greater: the weight of four hydrogen atoms per cubic centimetre. While diffuse, it permeates the entire universe and adds up to more than five times the mass of all the stars and galaxies in existence.

The thing which astonishes us about dark matters is ,it doesnt emit radiation such as infrared or any other form of energy though being in a high temp state,so it relates us with an amazing fact that dark matters are substances having the base module different from
electrons and neutrons.....but still dark matters are in a process of enlightenment.